All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, is His slave and Messenger.
Ibn Al-Qayyim explained the obligation of adhering to the Jamaa‘ah (the Muslim community at large); he underlined that the intended Jamaa‘ah in this context is the first community of Muslims, before people made changes and alterations in practicing the religion. It is what the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and his Companions practiced. Whoever follows their path, then those are the Jamaa‘ah and the majority regardless of the large number of those who deviated from that path. He said: “Know that Al-Ijmaa' (consensus), Al-Hujjah (competent authority), and As-Sawaad Al-A‘tham (the overwhelming majority) refer to the true scholar who upholds and adheres to the Truth, even if he is alone while all the people on earth oppose him.”
He also cited a report about Ibn Mas’ood saying, “The majority of the people have left the Jamaa‘ah. Surely, the Jamaa‘ah is that which concurs with the obedience of Allaah.”
Hence, the number of adherents and followers is not the criterion here; the correct criterion is the adherence to the what is right, whether the number of the adherents is small or large. This is the correct criterion for labeling a Muslim sect or group as deviant or following the straight path of Islam and the right Jamaa‘ah.
Allaah Knows best.