All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad, sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, is His slave and Messenger.
It is impermissible for the Muslim man to marry a non-Muslim woman unless she is a chaste Christian or Jew. Allah, The Exalted, says (what means): {And (lawful in marriage are) chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before you.} [Quran 5:5]
If you were not Christian or Jewish when you married this man, then the marriage contract is null and void according to the unanimous agreement of Muslim scholars; you are not his wife and there is no need for a divorce. However, this man may claim that you are his wife in the future; so in order to avoid any legal complications, you can seek the help of local lawyers to find a legal solution.
What you mentioned of this man's abusive conduct, such as his violent treatment of you, is prohibited and totally unacceptable... How could he treat you in such a hideous way while he believes that you are his wife and Islam commands the husband to treat his wife with kindness. Allah, The Exalted, says (what means): {And live with them in kindness. For if you dislike them - perhaps you dislike a thing and Allah makes therein much good.} [Quran 4:19]
Our Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “Be kind to women.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
We would like to take this opportunity to invite you to embrace Islam, as it is the True Religion and the only way of life that ensures happiness in this worldly life and the Hereafter. There is abundant evidence proving that Islam is the True Religion, some of which we have cited in fatwas 86091 and 88906.
Allah knows best.